Confusing shadow with substance is a collaborative project between artists Jo Millett and Janette Kerr, exploring a historic form of fishing in Shetland.
The project evolved into a video and sound installation, exhibited at Shetland Museum & Archives in Lerwick in 2017, and toured in 2021/2022. There are more details about the project as well as details of the exhibition.
Since making Confusing shadow with substance, we have developed a sound walk – Ling received: fishermen of the far haaf . A soundscape using GPS Mapping that is permanently situated on Stenness Beach, and is the only permanent site specific ‘audioscape’ currently installed in Shetland.
Project
Shetland haaf fishing took place in the 18th and 19th centuries. There were once over one hundred haaf fishing station sites around the coast of Shetland and its islands. Confusing shadow with substance developed with a focus on one fishing station, at Stenness in Northmavine.
Investigating the traces of a once thriving industry, the artists became interested in the journey from the fishing station beach to the far haaf, re-imagining events and activities on shore and sea, using film video and sound. For more on the production of the work see here. For some historical research, see here.
Various people and sources were involved, in particular Shetland Museum and Archives and Tangwick Haa Museum. The involvement of local people included a crew of volunteers who rowed and sailed the museum’s replica sixareen boat, Vaila May, for filming and creel fisherman Tom Williamson took the artists on his boat from Stenness beach. Readers came to the beach for audio recordings of the archive texts.
The resulting work is a three screen video and sound installation, exhibited in Da Gadderie at Shetland Museum and Archives, July and August 2017. To read more on the exhibition see here.
Confusing shadow with substance refers to the old practice of direction finding and navigation using meids, which was often uncertain. It is a quote from fisherman Davie Smith who said:
“Mindin meids was wan thing, but usin dem wis anidder, for da wadder had a big effect. Da further from land, da more distorted da meids become, and it was easy to make mistakes. Snow on da ground changed da appearance of everything; bright sunshine made maitters worse, confusing shadow with substance”. Charles H Simpson Water in Burgidale: Shetland Fisheries in a pre-electronic age (Shetland Amenity Trust, 2010) p.xvii
The project was supported with a grant from Creative Scotland and by the Shetland Museum and Archives, with in-kind support from Shetland Arts. Thanks to all who volunteered to help and especially to artist Rob Gawthrop who recorded and edited the audio.
Artists
Janette Kerr is a painter who has sought to imbed herself in land/seascapes, focusing on the heritage of an historical relationship with land and sea. For more about her work see her website.
Jo Millett is an artist whose interest lies in exploring temporal experience and land/seascapes, using moving image and sound, investigating the relationship between memory and location/situation. Her work often takes the form of installations using film, video and sound. For more about her work see her website.
Exhibition
Confusing shadow with substance was first shown at Da Gadderie in Shetland Museum and Archives, Lerwick in 2017. A tour of the exhibition to six venues in Scotland and Shetland was due to take place this year, but due to the pandemic and the temporary closures of venues, this has been postponed.
The installation consists of three video screens and four audio channels which loop continuously. Each of the video screen loops independently of the other and because each are different lengths, juxtapositions of images alter. The sound consists of 4 separate channels, with four speakers, voices come from different corners of the room – sometimes behind, sometimes from all 4 speakers at once. Moving around the space gives the listener a changing experience. Sounds of the sea, oars pulling the sixareen through the water, the strains of a fiddle playing somewhere, together with sea birds and Shetland voices reading archive texts fill the room at times.
A variety of cameras was used to produce the work, transferred to HD video. There is a range of moving image material, which together with the archive photos and documents within the work purposefully gives a multiplicity of material images to read. The 16mm film, the video and black and white images of the 19th century and so on, all have their own material qualities, which in juxtaposition can contest each other as to the authority of each image.
Sound was recorded separately, and mainly on the Stenness site by artist Rob Gawthrop. People were asked to read archive texts on the beach as a way of returning to and connecting with the past activities in that place. In one book a description was found of a bell, rung to mark commencement and cessation of work on the beach, so one was borrowed from the museum and used to make recordings on the beach, and similarly the ludder horn – used to warn boats in fog. Recordings were also made of and from the sixareen boat taken out in the harbour in Lerwick.
Documentation in cases showed copies of 19thC photographs and facsimile documents from the Shetland Museum & Archives. The original Day Book was borrowed from Tangwick Haa Museum Collection.
For more about the production of the installation see here.
Sound Walk
Ling received: fishermen of the far haaf – a sound walk around Stenness
This sound walk invites you to explore Stenness beach as it once was – an important fishing station until the late 19th century. A unique, yet elusive, part of Shetland’s heritage. The soundscape encourages you to re-imagine the beach as a hive of activity, where communities of fishermen and traders made temporary homes over the summer months. Placed in the landscape are audio fragments of sounds and voices. The readings are taken from observations of early travellers visiting Stenness, and archival documents directly relating to the deep sea, or ‘haaf’ fishing: agreements binding men to the summer fishing, indebtedness, accounts of storms and loss of life, and even what the fishermen bought for their tea – so you will encounter many different voices.
The map of the beach indicates the area containing twenty sound clouds – it’s up to you to discover them. Take your time; slow down, and absorb the place and sounds as you meander around the beach. Your entrance into a sound pool will be heralded by changes in the background sound – you might hear the crash of a wave, a bell ringing, a seabird calling, or even a ludder horn. Sound will get louder and change as you walk in and out of the sound pools.
To access Stenness sound walk is an easy 3-stage process: You need a mobile phone – iphone or Android both work – and preferably headphones or earbuds. The app holds all you need and once downloaded you do not need a network or phone signal; the GPS signal on your phone will trigger the sounds.
Make sure you download and scan this before you go to Stenness . It’s best to download the app from a fast wifi connection as the signal at Stenness is very weak.
How to download the app: Stage 1: Using your mobile phone search & download ‘SatsymphQR‘ from the Appstore or GooglePlay (this is a free app). Stage 2: Once you have downloaded this app, open it and point your phone camera at the QR using the SCAN BUTTON in the app to scan the QR code. Allow it to download. This downloads the soundscape to ‘Library’. You should now have everything you need to use the sound walk.
NOTE: you MUST use the SCAN button from the Satsymph app, not any other means of scanning!
NB If you have an old Android phone you might have problems accessing the app.
Stage 3: How to navigate: Go to Stenness beach, Northmavine (Map: Landranger Sheet 3 Shetland – North Mainland, or use Google maps). Put on your headphones, and using your phone open Satsymph QR app, tap on ‘stenness’ in ‘Library’; it will start immediately. Put your phone in your pocket and wander. The soundscape will roll out all around you. You will have to explore and find the sounds! They are all around you – clues: just below the carpark, on the beach, on the grass above the booth (roofless building on the beach, on rocks at the far side of the beach, and even around the ruined buildings that were once the fishermen’s summer homes. Walk in and out of them. Being GPS these sounds do move about depending on the position of the satellites.
NOTES: (1) the soundscape is best experienced with headphones or earbuds, but you can just hold your phone and listen. (2) please take care when immersed in the soundscape: you are on a stony uneven-surfaced beach close to the water’s edge and the weather is always changeable! Watch out for the tides.
Stenness sound-walk has been made collaboratively by artists Janette Kerr, Jo Millett, with the help of artist Rob Gawthrop, in partnership with Ralph Hoyte and Phill Phelps of Satsymph LLP. The soundscape merges recordings of sounds and spoken word, placed on the beach using Satsymphs locative technology.
Satsymph (Marc Yeats, Ralph Hoyte, Phill Phelps) are a Somerset-based artists’ collective specializing in creating interactive audio experiences located in place. satsymph.co.uk
Voices: Margaret Anderson, Ewan Balfour, Gilbert Fraser, Dave Hammond, John N Hunter, Barbara Ridland, Peter Rutherford, John Shaw, Brian Smith, Jim Tait, Valerie Watt. Fiddle-player: Catriona Macdonald – Shingly Beach, a tune written by her tutor Tom Anderson to capture the atmosphere of Stenness Beach.
Reading taken from: Dr Edward Charlton’s journals, 1832 and 1852; Guide to Shetland by Robert Cowie MA MD, 1879 3rd edition; An account of The New Method of Fishing on the coast of Shetland, by James Fea, surgeon, 1775; A Description of the Shetland Islands by Samuel Hibbert MD FRSE, 1822; Ployen’s Reminscences of a voyage to Shetland, Orkney and Scotland by Christain Ployen, 1839; Art Rambles in Shetland by J T Reid, 1869. Archival documents from Shetland Museum Archives, Tangwick Haa Museum. Archival photographs reproduced with kind permission of Shetland Museum & Archives
For those who are unable to visit Shetland or do not have a mobile phone, there is a shorter linear MP3 version to download here.